Sep 23, 2024
For people in the Northern Hemisphere, Sunday, September 22, was the autumnal equinox. That is one of the two times of the year when the sun shines directly on Earth’s equator. It marks a change of seasons. Summer turned to fall in the Northern Hemisphere. Winter became spring in the Southern Hemisphere. Most people around the world won’t notice an immediate change. But for the few living at the top or bottom of the world, the difference will be night and day — literally.
Because of the Earth’s tilt as it revolves around the sun, for the next six months, the Southern Hemisphere will be closer to the sun. Countries there will get more daylight in 24 hours, even as the Northern hemisphere’s daylight decreases. And the North Pole? It won’t see the sun again until spring.
"This darkness is complete, so you have to sort of live with that and you have to see the beauty in that. And to me, that's not hard at all," Fålun Strøm, a climatologist who lives near the North Pole, told NPR. "I kind of feel even more immersed by nature when I walk out into the darkness."
Those stationed at the South Pole’s Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station will experience the reverse. Though the sun’s been flirting with the region, causing the sky to glow, the researchers stationed at the South Pole saw on Sunday their first glimpse of full daylight since March.
Reflect: How do you mark the passage of seasons? When summer turns to fall, does anything “feel different” to you?
How Earth's Tilt Causes Seasons
This video shows how Earth's axial tilt causes sunlight to reach the Northern and Southern Hemispheres differently, depending on the time of year.
Seasons Aren't Dictated by Closeness to Sun
This video explains that the Earth's elliptical orbit, which sometimes causes the Earth to be closer to the sun, has nothing to do with the seasons.
Are Southern Hemisphere Seasons More Severe?
This video explains how the oceans act as a moderator to prevent more severe seasonal temperatures in the Southern Hemisphere, even though it's closer to the sun in the summer and further from the sun in the winter.
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